Although age and genetics are unchangeable risk factors that play significant roles in developing dementia, dementia can be prevented in some cases by addressing diet and lifestyle changes. In fact, recent studies suggest that up to 40% of dementia cases can be attributed to these factors.
 

Role of diet and lifestyle

Maintaining a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet or DASH diets, which include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and fish, have been shown to reduce the risk of dementia. Conversely, diets high in processed foods and red meat are associated with an increased risk.
Physical activity is another crucial factor; regular exercise helps maintain brain health and can delay the onset of dementia. Similarly, managing cardiovascular risk factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol is crucial, as these conditions are linked to an increased risk of dementia as well.

From a lifestyle standpoint, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption are two of the most important prevention efforts. Staying mentally and socially active has been shown to help prevent the disease. Activities may include reading, working on puzzles, and engaging socially with friends and family. It is important to prevent and treat hearing loss as well as manage depression as these are also contributors to the disease.